Our eyes are among the five senses gifted to us and is an integral part of living. We cannot imagine a day living blindfolded. The working of a human eye is complicated. We can see because the light reflected from objects enters our eyes and is converted to electric signals by optic nerves. The image is then processed in the brain. There are many eyes disordered or medical condition leading to vision impairment. Timely medical treatment is the only solution by which one can restore the vision and avoid permanent blindness. We all have impairment. Timely medical treatment is the only solution by which one can restore the vision and avoid permanent blindness. We all have health insurance for financial stability at the time of crisis. It does not mean we shouldn't be preventive. Let us get into the details of a few disorders which can cause blindness.
Glaucoma
Glaucoma is one of the leading causes of blindness. It's an eye disease caused by damage to the optic nerve. It can lead to irreversible blindness. It can occur due to abnormal pressure on the eye. The worse condition can lead to permanent vision loss. The starting of this disorder is from night blindness. Other causes could be blocked eye nerves, inflammatory ailments, eye infection etc.
Age-Related Degeneration
It is a disease which can cause permanent vision loss in people over 60 years. The conditions develop a central portion of the rate in which is macula wears off. It is seen in older people. Vision loss is not seen in the early stages but can make one permanently blind in the later stages. Regular examination is needed to slow down the process. In this condition, the side vision is often intact, it leads to blurry centre vision in the beginning.
The risk could be reduced by quitting smoking, eating vegetables, fruits, salmon. Also, medicines can be injected into the eye.
Retinitis Pigmentosa
It is a genetic disease which affects the retina. It causes tunnel vision in which only a tiny window at the centre is vision left. These patients may see letters but will practically remain blind due to loss of wider vision. There is retinal gene therapy which is a proven treatment of this disorder. The treatment works by injecting copies of the RPE65 gene into retinas of patients born with a mutation in the gene.
Diabetic Retinopathy
It is generally caused by type 1 or type 2 diabetes. It is due to the excess sugar level in the blood, causing the risk of blood supply to the retina. The common symptoms include blurred vision. It can also lead to an inability to see in the night. In the early stage's blindness is preventable, in later stages, it can lead to a total loss of vision. It is due to swelling or bleeding in the retina.
Cataracts
A cataract is also a leading cause for blindness and low vision in the world. It is due to building up of protein mass which leads to clouding of the eye lens. The treatment is simply a surgery for cataract removal.
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